From research to international scale-up: stakeholder engagement essential in successful design, evaluation and implementation of paediatric HIV testing intervention
Stakeholder engagement between researchers, policymakers and practitioners is essential for the successful translation of research into coverage and apply. The Counseling and Testing for Children at Home (CATCH) examine evaluated a paediatric index case testing mannequin, concentrating on the youngsters of HIV-infected adults in care in Kenya. Researchers collaborated with stakeholders in the planning, execution and evaluation, and dissemination phases of CATCH. They included a neighborhood advisory board, the nationwide HIV programme, County well being departments, institutional ethics assessment our bodies, a paediatric bioethics group, facility heads and frontline healthcare staff .
Stakeholder evaluation thought of the facility and curiosity of every stakeholder in the examine. All stakeholders had some energy to affect the success of the venture in the totally different phases. However, assist from establishments with larger hierarchical energy elevated acceptance of the examine by stakeholders decrease in the hierarchy. During the planning, execution and evaluation, and dissemination phases, the examine benefitted from deliberate stakeholder engagement. Through engagement, adjustments have been made in the strategy to recruitment to guarantee excessive exterior validity, inserting recruitment optimally inside present clinic circulation patterns.
Choices in staffing residence visits have been made to embody the suitable cadre of workers. Adaptations have been made to the consenting course of that balanced the kid’s evolving autonomy and dangers of HIV disclosure. Dissemination concerned delivering site-specific outcomes in every HIV clinic, native and international conferences and sharing of examine instruments, ensuing in the examine strategy being scaled up nationally. The deliberate engagement of stakeholders early in intervention growth optimized examine validity and accelerated adoption of the CATCH strategy in nationwide HIV testing campaigns by the Ministry of Health and inclusion of paediatric index-case testing in nationwide HIV testing tips. Involving policymakers and frontline healthcare staff all through the examine cycle builds capability in the implementing crew for fast adoption and scale-up of the evidence-based apply.
HIV/AIDSresearch in Africa and the Middle East: participation and fairness in North-South collaborations and relationships
Background: HIV/AIDS has attracted appreciable research consideration because the 1980s. In the present context of globalization and the predominance of cooperative work, it’s essential to analyze the participation of the nations and areas the place the an infection is most prevalent. This examine assesses the participation of African nations in publications on the subject, in addition to the diploma of fairness or affect present in North-South relations.
Methods: We recognized all articles and critiques of HIV/AIDS listed in the Web of Science Core Collection. We analyzed the scientific manufacturing, collaboration, and contributions from African and Middle Eastern nations to scientific exercise in the area. The idea of management, measured by the participation as the primary writer of paperwork in collaboration was used to decide the fairness in research produced by international collaboration.Results: A complete of 68,808 paperwork printed from 2010 to 2017 have been analyzed.
Researchers from North America and Europe participated in 82.14% of the worldwide scientific manufacturing on HIV/AIDS, in contrast to simply 21.61% from Africa and the Middle East. Furthermore, the publications that did come out of these areas was concentrated in a small quantity of nations, led by South Africa (41% of the paperwork). Other options related to HIV/AIDS publications from Africa embody the significance of international collaboration from the USA, the UK, and different European nations (75-93% of the paperwork) and the restricted participation as first authors that’s evident (30 to 36% of the paperwork). Finally, the publications to which African nations contributed had a notably totally different disciplinary orientation, with a predominance of research on public well being, epidemiology, and drug remedy.
Conclusions: It is essential to foster extra steadiness in research output, keep away from the focus of assets that reproduces the worldwide North-South mannequin on the African continent, and focus the research agenda on native priorities. To accomplish this, the worldwide North ought to strengthen the switch of research expertise and search fairness in cooperative ties, favoring the empowerment of African nations. These efforts needs to be concentrated in nations with low scientific exercise and excessive incidence and prevalence of the illness. It can be essential to foster intraregional collaborations between African nations.
From research to international scale-up: stakeholder engagement essential in successful design, evaluation and implementation of paediatric HIV testing intervention
Exploring the Engagement of Racial and Ethnic Minorities in HIV Treatment and Vaccine Clinical Trials: A Scoping Review of Literature and Implications for Future Research
HIV disproportionately impacts US racial and ethnic minorities however they take part in therapy and vaccine scientific trials at a decrease price than whites. To summarize boundaries and facilitators to this participation we carried out a scoping assessment of the literature guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) tips. Studies printed from January 2007 and September 2019 have been reviewed. Thirty-one articles have been recognized from an preliminary pool of 325 information utilizing three coders. All information have been then assessed for boundaries and facilitators and summarized. Results point out that whereas racial and ethnic minority participation in these trials has elevated over the previous 10 years, charges nonetheless don’t proportionately mirror their burden of HIV an infection.
While many of the boundaries mirror these discovered in different illness scientific trials (e.g., most cancers), HIV stigma is a novel and essential barrier to taking part in HIV scientific trials. Recommendations to enhance recruitment and retention of racial and ethnic minorities embody coaching well being care suppliers on the significance of recruiting numerous individuals, creating interdisciplinary research groups that higher symbolize who’s being recruited, and offering culturally competent trial designs. Despite the data of how to higher recruit racial and ethnic minorities, few interventions have been documented utilizing these methods. Based on the findings of this assessment, we suggest that future scientific trials interact neighborhood stakeholders in all phases of the research course of by community-based participatory research approaches and promote culturally and linguistically acceptable recruitment and retention methods for marginalized populations overly impacted by HIV.
